Optimization of the Use of Industrial Wastes in Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for the Control of Fusarium Wilt in Strawberry.

Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) is proposed as an alternative to the use of chemical fumigants against Fusarium wilt in strawberry crops. Different residual wastes (rice bran, fishmeal, and residual strawberry extrudate) were assessed as amendments for ASD. Two different concentrations and two incubation durations were tested in growth chamber trials. The abundance of several microbial groups was noted before and after the treatments. Strawberry plants were grown in the treated soils to record Fusarium wilt disease severity. The population density of F. oxysporum increased after ASD in most amendments with rice bran and residual strawberry extrudate. Changes in Trichoderma spp., copiotrophic bacteria, and Streptomyces spp. populations were observed after anaerobiosis treatments and plant trials. A reduction in the disease severity was achieved in ASD-treated soils with 20 t/ha of rice bran at both 25 and 60 days of incubation, but not when using a 13.5 t/ha dose. Similarly, treatments using 19.3 t/ha of fishmeal for both incubation durations were able to reduce disease severity. In contrast, a severity reduction was only obtained in soils treated with 25.02 t/ha of the residual strawberry extrudate and incubated for 60 days in anaerobic conditions. Two of the three by-products tested were able to reduce Fusarium wilt symptoms in strawberry plants after an ASD-treatment period of only 25 days. Accordingly, the technique seems promising for strawberry growers in Huelva, Spain, and highly sustainable by giving value to residues produced in surrounding areas.

Computational Study of Thermal Comfort and Reduction of CO2 Levels inside a Classroom.

Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, guaranteeing thermal comfort and low CO2 levels in classrooms through efficient ventilation has become vitally important. This study presents three-dimensional simulations based on computational fluid dynamics of airflow inside an air-conditioned classroom located in Veracruz, Mexico. The analysis included various positions of an air extractor, Reynolds numbers up to 3.5 × 104, four different concentrations of pollutant sources, and three different times of the day. The simulations produced velocity, air temperature, and CO2 concentrations fields, and we calculated average air temperatures, average CO2 concentrations, and overall ventilation effectiveness. Our results revealed an optimal extractor position and Reynolds number conducive to thermal comfort and low CO2 levels due to an adequate ventilation configuration. At high pollutant concentrations, it is necessary to reduce the number of students in the classroom to achieve safe CO2 levels.

Fenómeno de no reflow, una complicación frecuente en la revascularización del infarto. Caso clínico / No-Reflow Phenomenon, a Common Complication in Revascularization following Infarction. A Clinical Case

El fenómeno de no reflow consiste en la inadecuada perfusión de una región miocárdica luego de un período de isquemia, a pesar del restablecimiento del flujo epicárdico en la arteria que irriga dicha área. La ocurrencia de este fenómeno se asocia a peor pronóstico aunque su manejo es controvertido al no existir, hasta el momento, una terapia sólidamente establecida. El advenimiento de las nuevas técnicas de imágenes, como la tomografía cardíaca, permitió caracterizar de manera más precisa la repercusión miocárdica del fenómeno de no reflow. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con infarto inferior derivado a nuestro centro para angioplastia primaria, el cual se complicó con fenómeno de no reflow; posteriormente revisamos esta entidad clínica.

The no-reflow phenomenon is the inadequate perfusion of a myocardial area after an ischemic period, even though the epicardial flow is restored in the artery irrigating that area. The occurrence of this phenomenon is associated to a worse prognosis; although its management is controversial since there is no well-established therapy so far. The advent of new imaging techniques, such as cardiac tomography, has made it possible to describe myocardial repercussion of the no-reflow phenomenon more accurately. We are presenting the case of a patient with lower infarction referred to our center for a primary angioplasty, complicated with no-reflow phenomenon. Subsequently, we reviewed this clinical entity.

Traslados interhospitalarios de pacientes a un área de unidad coronaria de un hospital de alta complejidad en red / Interhospital transfers of patients to a coronary unit area of a network high complexity hospital

Las condiciones en que se realizan los traslados interhospitalarios por vía terrestre de pacientes críticos impactan directamente en el pronóstico de los pacientes. El objetivo del estudio es conocer las condiciones generales de traslado de los pacientes con patología cardiovascular que ingresan a la unidad coronaria de nuestro hospital, en lo referido a programación del mismo, complejidad de los móviles, instrucción de los médicos encargados del traslado, complicaciones clínicas durante el traslado y estado clínico del paciente al ingreso.

Trastornos de la migración neuronal: un caso de lisencefalia / Neuronal migration disorders: a lissencephaly case

Las malformaciones del desarrollo cortical originan un grupo de patologías, que cursan con diversas manifestaciones las cuales marcan un grado de minusvalía significativo en quienes las padecen. La Lisencefalia es una de las alteraciones de la migración neuronal caracterizada por una corteza cerebral de superficie lisa o con pocas circunvoluciones. Este trastorno está frecuentemente asociado a epilepsias de difícil manejo. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 18 meses de edad con diagnóstico de Lisencefalia quien cursa con convulsiones tónicas generalizadas desde los 8 meses de edad. Se le realizó TAC de cráneo simple y resonancia magnética de cerebro para confirmar el diagnóstico y se dio manejo farmacológico a las convulsiones.

Malformations of cortical development originate a group of pathologies that involve diverse manifestations that mark a significant degree of disability in those who suffer from. The Lissencephaly is one of alterations in neuronal migration characterized by a smooth surface or with few convolutions in the cerebral cortex. This disorder is often associated with difficult management Epilepsies. We report the case of a male patient from 18 months of age with a diagnosis of Lissencephaly, who presents generalized tonic seizures from 8 months of age. Was performed a simple skull CT and brain magnetic resonance to confirm the diagnosis and the pharmacological management was given to seizures.